4. As you can see from this graph…
4.1 Talking about graphs
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First, let me quickly explain ….
You can see that …
They are listed across the bottom.
This segment indicates…
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On the left –in the center – on the right
Across the top – across the bottom
Down the left / right side of the slide
In the upper right-hand corner
In the bottom left-hand corner
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In context
- First, let me quickly explain the graph where you will see the evolution of tracking systems.
- Here you can compare this year and last year.
- If you look at the bar chart on the left, you will see our spending on research for the last decade.
- Let’s now look at the next slide which shows the ups and downs in electricity demand.
- Now I’d like you to observe on this graph how the number of accidents has decreased.
- The key in the bottom left-hand corner shows you which color represents which method.
- The percentages by region are clearly shown here.
- The vertical axis shows us lubricant supply.
- You can see that different colors have been used to indicate different drilling methods.
§ Profits rose steadily in the last quarter.
§ Propane level was at its lowest in August.
§ Sales in Germany slumped suddenly in February.
§ The figure is very high this year, and is going to be next year too.
§ The horizontal axis represents the last 12 months.
§ The production output reached a peak in October.
§ The turnover for the year was disappointing.
§ We can see that the situation is different.
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4.2 Talking about trends
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… increased (slightly)..
… fell / declined (sharply)
… have risen (steadily)
… went up (significantly)
There was a sudden increase in…
We saw a moderate fall…
This was followed by a gradual decline.
There was a sharp slump in sales.
… have started picking up.
The trend so far has been….
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Climb – double – expand – go up – grow –
increase – pick up – reach a high – recover - rise
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Decline – decrease – drop – fall – go down –
hit a low – plunge
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Fluctuate – remain stable
– stabilize – stay the same
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This presentation could clear many of your doubts.
Graphs & Trends.ppt
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4.2.1 Upward trends
in context
§ As far as the warehouse is concerned, the trend has also been quite positive.
§ Overall results improved by 25% in the department.
§ Prices shot up dramatically.
§ Production went up slightly last year.
§ Sales increased steadily in March.
§ The trend so far has been positive
§ There was a substantial recovery in stocks last quarter.
§ Turnover rose sharply last month.
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4.2.2 Downward trends
in context
§ Productivity decreased by 5.5% after the closure of the East plant.
§ Recruitment fell sharply owing to low profit margins.
§ Salaries went down slightly as a result of the law.
§ The trend so far has been negative
§ There was a sudden drop in exports.
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4.2.3 Even trends
in context
§ Sales remained stable.
§ Profits remained unchanged.
§ These figures are exactly the same.
§ There is little or no difference since last year.
§ The numbers are more or less the same.
§ Turnover last year was the same, give or take 2%.
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Have you noticed that, when describing trends – from the past to nowadays – we use the Present Perfect
When describing past events – somewhere in the past and it’s over – we use the Simple Past.
For more on the Past tenses, see the Grammar Study guide
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